Systems and Methods for Performing Conflict Resolution and Rule Determination in a Policy Realization Framework

ABSTRACT

Various systems and methods for providing a policy realization framework for a communications network are disclosed. The policy realization framework can be an application and service layer policy framework that is separate and distinct from the network layer policy framework. As such, policy decisions can be made remote from the network layer, and common policies across multiple networks are possible. Methods and systems for providing these and other features are disclosed. A policy intelligence rules system for a policy realization framework, and methods of implementing a policy intelligence rules system, are also disclosed.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/195,000, entitled “Systems and Methods for Performing ConflictResolution and Rule Determination in a Policy Realization Framework,”filed Aug. 20, 2008, now allowed, which is expressly incorporated hereinby reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to communications networks and,more particularly, to systems and methods for implementing a policyintelligence rules system in a policy realization framework.

BACKGROUND

Applications and services of communications networks, i.e., networkresources, are often provisioned in accordance with various policies,for example, application, service, subscriber, and/or operator policies.Policy management of the network resources is typically handled using acase-by-case approach. Policies for network resources are often put inplace by a policy decision function, and the determined policy isapplied by a policy enforcement point. Each network resource can haveits own policy decision function and policy enforcement point.

Similarly, charging functions are often handled on a case-by-case basis.For example, a charging rules function containing predetermined chargingrules often functions in-line with an application function. Thepredetermined charging rules are often applied to the provisionednetwork resource, and a traffic plane function can interface with acharging system to enforce usage charging. As such, a subscriber can becharged and/or billed for a provisioned network resource. Each networkresource can have its own charging rules function and traffic planefunction that enforces usage charging.

Because of the importance of the functions performed by the policydecision function and the charging rules function, there will often be acharging rules function, a policy decision function, a traffic planefunction, and an enforcement point associated with each networkresource.

SUMMARY

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an enhancedsubscription profile repository for a policy realization framework of acommunications network includes a processor, a communications networkinterface, and a memory in communication with the processor and thecommunications network interface. The memory is configured to storeinstructions, executable by the processor to receive subscriber data viathe communications network interface, store the subscriber data in thememory, receive a request for the subscriber data from an element of thepolicy realization framework of the communications network, the requestbeing received via the communications network interface, analyze therequest and the subscriber data to identify relevant subscriber data,the relevant subscriber data including subscriber data that affects apolicy relating to the request, and to send the relevant subscriber datato the element of the policy realization framework of the communicationsnetwork via the communications network interface.

In some embodiments, the instructions stored in the memory furtherinclude instructions, executable by the processor to receive a requestfor the subscriber data from a node of the communications network, therequest being received via the communications network interface, analyzethe request and the subscriber data to identify relevant subscriberdata, the relevant subscriber data including subscriber data thataffects a policy relating to the request, and to send the relevantsubscriber data to the node of the communications network via thecommunications network interface.

In some embodiments, the subscriber data includes data that identifiesone or more rate plans stored as subscription profile data, and in someembodiments, the subscriber data includes data that identifies asubscriber preference stored as subscriber profile data. The subscriberpreference can relate to an application accessible by the subscriber.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method forproviding subscriber data to a communications network includes receivingsubscriber data at an enhanced subscriber profile repository via acommunications network interface, storing the subscriber data in amemory of the enhanced subscription profile repository, analyzing, atthe enhanced subscriber profile repository, a request for the subscriberdata from an element of a policy realization framework of thecommunications network, and the subscriber data stored at the enhancedsubscriber profile repository, to identify relevant subscriber data, therelevant subscriber data including subscriber data that affects a policyrelating to the request, and sending the relevant subscriber data to theelement of the policy realization framework of the communicationsnetwork via the communications network interface.

In some embodiments, the method further includes analyzing, at theenhanced subscriber profile repository, a request for the subscriberdata received from a node of the communications network, and thesubscriber data, to identify relevant subscriber data, the relevantsubscriber data including subscriber data that affects a policy relatingto the request, and sending the relevant subscriber data to the node ofthe communications network via the communications network interface.

In some embodiments, sending the relevant subscriber data to the elementof the policy realization framework of the communications networkincludes sending the relevant subscriber data to a master policyrepository (MPR) of the policy realization framework of thecommunications network.

In some embodiments, sending the relevant subscriber data to the node ofthe communications network includes sending the relevant subscriber datato a policy and charging rules function (PCRF) of the communicationsnetwork.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a computerreadable medium includes computer readable instructions that, whenexecuted, perform the steps of storing subscriber data received at anenhanced subscriber profile repository via a network interface, in amemory of the enhanced subscription profile repository, analyzing, atthe enhanced subscriber profile repository, a request for the subscriberdata received from an element of a policy realization framework of acommunications network, and the subscriber data stored at the enhancedsubscriber profile repository, to identify relevant subscriber data, therelevant subscriber data including subscriber data that affects a policyrelating to the request, and sending the relevant subscriber data to theelement of the policy realization framework of the communicationsnetwork via the communications network interface.

In some embodiments, the computer readable medium further includescomputer readable instructions that, when executed, perform the steps ofanalyzing, at the enhanced subscriber profile repository, a request forthe subscriber data received from a node of the communications network,and the subscriber data, to identify relevant subscriber data, therelevant subscriber data including subscriber data that affects a policyrelating to the request, and sending the relevant subscriber data to thenode of the communications network via the communications networkinterface.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a policyconfiguration and provisioning system for a policy realization frameworkof a communications network includes a processor, a communicationsnetwork interface, and a memory in communication with the processor andthe communications network interface. The memory is configured to storeinstructions, executable by the processor to receive rules from anelement of the policy realization framework via the communicationsnetwork interface, analyze the rules to determine how to instructcommunications network nodes to provision resources in accordance withthe rules, wherein the rules include a course of action determined by apolicy intelligence rules system by analyzing and reconciling policies,generate network node instructions for the communications network nodes,the network node instructions including data executable by thecommunications network nodes to implement the rules, and send thenetwork node instructions to the communications network nodes forimplementation by the communications network nodes.

In some embodiments, the instructions executable by the processor toreceive the rules include instructions executable by the processor toreceive rules from a policy intelligence rules system of the policyrealization framework of the communications network.

In some embodiments, the instructions executable by the processor tosend the network node instructions include instructions executable bythe processor to send the network node instructions to a policy andcharging rules function of the communications network. The network nodeinstructions can be in a format that is executable by the policy andcharging rules function to direct the communications network to controlthe provisioning of a network resource. Controlling the provisioning ofa network resource can include allowing, restricting, and/or denying anetwork resource.

In some embodiments, the policy configuration and provisioning systemoperates as an element in the policy layer of the policy realizationframework of a communications network.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method forgenerating network node instructions executable by a communicationsnetwork node to implement a rule generated by an element of a policyrealization framework of the communications network includes analyzingrules received from an element of the policy realization framework todetermine how to instruct the communications network nodes to provisionresources in accordance with the rules, wherein the rules include acourse of action determined by a policy intelligence rules system byanalyzing and reconciling policies, generating network node instructionsfor the communications network nodes, the network node instructionsincluding data executable by the communications network nodes toimplement the rules, and sending the network node instructions to thecommunications network nodes for implementation by the communicationsnetwork nodes.

In some embodiments, receiving rules includes receiving rules from apolicy intelligence rules system of the policy realization framework ofthe communications network. The policy intelligence rules system canoperate as an element in the policy layer of the policy realizationframework of a communications network, and can analyze and reconcilepolicies to determine a rule that reflects the reconciled policies.

In some embodiments, sending the network node instructions includessending the network node instructions to a policy and charging rulesfunction of the communications network.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a computerreadable medium includes computer readable instructions that, whenexecuted, perform the steps of analyzing rules received at a policy andconfiguration and provisioning system from an element of a policyrealization framework of a communications network, the analyzing beingperformed to determine how to instruct a node of the communicationsnetwork to provision resources in accordance with the rules, wherein therules include a course of action determined by a policy intelligencerules system by analyzing and reconciling policies, generatinginstructions for the node of the communications network, theinstructions including data executable by the node of the communicationsnetwork to implement the rules, and sending the instructions to the nodeof the communications network for implementation by the node of thecommunications network.

In some embodiments, the computer medium further includes computerreadable instructions that, when executed, perform the step of receivingrules from a policy intelligence rules system of the policy realizationframework of the communications network. The policy intelligence rulessystem can operate as an element in the policy layer of the policyrealization framework of a communications network, and can analyze andreconcile policies to determine a rule that reflects the reconciledpolicies.

In some embodiments, the computer medium further includes computerreadable instructions that, when executed, perform the step of sendingthe network node instructions to a policy and charging rules function ofthe communications network.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a policyintelligence rules system for a policy realization framework of acommunications network includes a processor, a communications networkinterface, and a memory in communication with the processor and thecommunications network interface. The memory is configured to storeinstructions, executable by the processor to receive policies from afirst repository element via the communications network interface,receive subscription data and subscriber data from a second repositoryelement via the communications network interface, analyze thesubscription data, the subscriber data, and the policies to determine ifa conflict exists among the subscription data, the subscriber data, andthe policies, and determine a rule. If a conflict is found, the rule canbe determined by identifying the conflict that exists among thesubscription data, the subscriber data, and the policies, resolving theconflict, and determining the rule based upon the subscription data, thesubscriber data, and the policies available after the conflict isresolved. If a conflict is not found, the rule can be determined basedsolely upon the subscription data, the subscriber data, and thepolicies.

In some embodiments, the memory is further configured to storeinstructions, executable by the processor to identify the conflict bycreating data that identifies the policies involved in the conflict andtagging the policies identified in the conflict for conflict resolution.

In some embodiments, the memory is further configured to storeinstructions, executable by the processor to resolve the conflict byproviding precedence of one of the policies, the subscriber data, andthe subscription data over any of the policies, the subscriber data, andthe subscription data.

In some embodiments, the memory is further configured to storeinstructions, executable by the processor to determine the rule byanalyzing the policies to determine how the communications networkshould handle a service request.

In some embodiments, the policies are one or more of operator policies,global subscriber policies, subscriber specific policies, andsubscription specific policies.

In some embodiments, the first repository element is a master policyrepository and the second repository element is an enhanced subscriptionprofile repository.

In some embodiments, the memory is further configured to storeinstructions, executable by the processor to receive the policies fromthe first element of the policy realization framework in response to atrigger event.

In some embodiments, the rule is selected from a group consisting of arestrict access rule that restricts access to a requested service, adeny access rule that denies access to the requested service, and anallow access rule that allows access to the requested service.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method foroperating a policy intelligence rules system for a policy realizationframework of a communications network includes storing policies receivedat the policy intelligence rules system via a communications networkinterface from a first repository element of the policy realizationframework, storing subscription data and subscriber data received at thepolicy intelligence rules system via the communications networkinterface from a second repository element of the policy realizationframework, analyzing the subscription data, the subscriber data, and thepolicies to determine if a conflict exists among the subscription data,the subscriber data and the policies, and determining a rule. If aconflict is found, the rule can be determined by identifying theconflict that exists among the subscription data, the subscriber data,and the policies, resolving the conflict, and determining the rule basedupon the subscription data, the subscriber data, and the policiesavailable after the conflict is resolved. If a conflict is not found,the rule can be determined based solely upon the subscription data, thesubscriber data, and the policies.

In some embodiments, identifying the conflict includes creating datathat identifies the policies involved in the conflict and tagging thepolicies identified in the conflict for conflict resolution.

In some embodiments, resolving the conflict comprises providingprecedence of one of the policies, the subscriber data, and thesubscription data over any of the policies, the subscriber data, and thesubscription data.

In some embodiments, determining the rule comprises analyzing thepolicies to determine how the communications network should handle aservice request.

In some embodiments, the policies are one or more of operator policies,global subscriber policies, subscriber specific policies, andsubscription specific policies.

In some embodiments, storing policies received at the policyintelligence rules system via the communications network from a firstrepository element of the policy realization framework includes storingthe policies received at the policy intelligence rules system via thecommunications network from a master policy repository, and storing thesubscription data and the subscriber data received at the policyintelligence rules system via the communications network from the secondrepository element of the policy realization framework includes storingthe subscription data and the subscriber data received at the policyintelligence rules system via the communications network from anenhanced subscription profile repository.

In some embodiments, receiving the policies from the first element ofthe policy realization framework is in response to a trigger event.

In some embodiments, the rule is one of a restrict access rule thatrestricts access to a requested service, a deny access rule that deniesaccess to the requested service, and an allow access rule that allowsaccess to the requested service.

According to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, acomputer readable medium includes computer readable instructions that,when executed, perform the steps of storing policies received at thepolicy intelligence rules system via a communications network interfacefrom a first repository element of the policy realization framework,storing subscription data and subscriber data received at the policyintelligence rules system via the communications network interface froma second repository element of the policy realization framework,analyzing the subscription data, the subscriber data, and the policiesto determine if a conflict exists among the subscription data, thesubscriber data and the policies, and determining a rule. If a conflictis found, the rule can be determined by identifying the conflict thatexists among the subscription data, the subscriber data, and thepolicies, resolving the conflict, and determining the rule based uponthe subscription data, the subscriber data, and the policies availableafter the conflict is resolved. If a conflict is not found, the rule canbe determined based solely upon the subscription data, the subscriberdata, and the policies.

In some embodiments, identifying the conflict includes creating datathat identifies the policies involved in the conflict and tagging thepolicies identified in the conflict for conflict resolution.

In some embodiments, resolving the conflict comprises providingprecedence of one of the policies, the subscriber data, and thesubscription data over any of the policies, the subscriber data, and thesubscription data.

In some embodiments, determining the rule comprises analyzing thepolicies to determine how the communications network should handle aservice request.

In some embodiments, the policies are one or more of operator policies,global subscriber policies, subscriber specific policies, andsubscription specific policies.

In some embodiments, storing policies received at the policyintelligence rules system via the communications network from a firstrepository element of the policy realization framework includes storingthe policies received at the policy intelligence rules system via thecommunications network from a master policy repository, and storing thesubscription data and the subscriber data received at the policyintelligence rules system via the communications network from the secondrepository element of the policy realization framework includes storingthe subscription data and the subscriber data received at the policyintelligence rules system via the communications network from anenhanced subscription profile repository.

In some embodiments, receiving the policies from the first element ofthe policy realization framework is in response to a trigger event.

In some embodiments, the rule is one of a restrict access rule thatrestricts access to a requested service, a deny access rule that deniesaccess to the requested service, and an allow access rule that allowsaccess to the requested service.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a masterpolicy repository for a policy realization framework of a communicationsnetwork includes a processor, a communications network interface, and amemory in communication with the processor and the communicationsnetwork interface. The memory can be configured to store instructions,executable by the processor to receive a policy via the communicationsnetwork interface, store the policy in the memory, receive a request forthe policy from an element of the policy realization framework, therequest being received via the communications network interface, andsend the policy to the element.

In some embodiments, the element is one of an application function, anenhanced subscriber profile repository, and a network operator.

In some embodiments, the policy is one of an application specificpolicy, a service specific policy, a subscriber specific policy, anetwork specific policy, an operator specific policy, and a globalsubscriber policy.

In some embodiments, the memory is further configured to storeinstructions, executable by the processor to update the policy stored inthe memory.

In some embodiments, the policy is updated in response to a newapplication function being registered with the communications network.

In some embodiments, the memory is further configured to storeinstructions, executable by the processor to request the policy from theelement.

In some embodiments, the memory is further configured to storeinstructions, executable by the processor to delete the policy.

In some embodiments, the memory is further configured to storeinstructions, executable by the processor to categorize the policy priorto storing the policy as one of an application specific policy, aservice specific policy, a subscriber specific policy, a networkspecific policy, an operator specific policy, and a global subscriberpolicy.

In another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a method foroperating a master policy repository for a policy realization frameworkof a communications network includes storing a policy received at themaster policy repository via a communications network, receiving arequest for the policy from an element of the policy realizationframework of the communications network, the request being received viathe communications network interface, and sending the policy to theelement.

In some embodiments, sending the policy to the element includes sendingthe policy to one of an application function, an enhanced subscriberprofile repository, and a network operator.

In some embodiments, storing, in the memory associated with the masterpolicy repository, the policy received at the master policy repositoryvia the communications network includes storing one of an applicationspecific policy, a service specific policy, a subscriber specificpolicy, a network specific policy, an operator specific policy, and aglobal subscriber policy.

In some embodiments, the method further includes updating the policy. Insome embodiments, updating the policy is in response to a newapplication function being registered with the communications network.

In some embodiments, the method further includes requesting the policyfrom the element.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises categorizing thepolicy prior to storing the policy as one of an application specificpolicy, a service specific policy, a subscriber specific policy, anetwork specific policy, an operator specific policy, and a globalsubscriber policy.

In another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a computerreadable medium includes computer readable instructions that, whenexecuted, perform the steps of storing a policy received at the masterpolicy repository via a communications network, receiving a request forthe policy from an element of the policy realization framework of thecommunications network, the request being received via thecommunications network interface, and sending the policy to the element.

In some embodiments, sending the policy to the element includes sendingthe policy to one of an application function, an enhanced subscriberprofile repository, and a network operator.

In some embodiments, storing, in the memory associated with the masterpolicy repository, the policy received at the master policy repositoryvia the communications network includes storing one of an applicationspecific policy, a service specific policy, a subscriber specificpolicy, a network specific policy, an operator specific policy, and aglobal subscriber policy.

In some embodiments, the method further includes updating the policy. Insome embodiments, updating the policy is in response to a newapplication function being registered with the communications network.

In some embodiments, the method further includes requesting the policyfrom the element.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises categorizing thepolicy prior to storing the policy as one of an application specificpolicy, a service specific policy, a subscriber specific policy, anetwork specific policy, an operator specific policy, and a globalsubscriber policy.

In another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a policyrealization framework of a communications network includes a logicalpolicy layer that includes systems configured to create, store, andmanage common policy rules for services and applications provided by thecommunications network, and a logical network layer that includessystems configured to provide rules decision operations and rulesenforcement operations.

In some embodiments, the logical policy layer systems are furtherconfigured to centralize and reconcile the common policy rules for theservices. In some embodiments, the logical policy layer systems arefurther configured to manage a lifecycle of the common policy rules. Insome embodiments, the logical policy layer systems are furtherconfigured to configure and provision the common policy rules to thelogical network layer systems.

In some embodiments, the common policy rules are offline rules. In someembodiments, the offline rules are shared with a roaming partner. Insome embodiments, the common policy rules are online rules created inreal-time.

In some embodiments, the services are converged services. In someembodiments, the services and applications are provided by a pluralityof application functions.

In some embodiments, the logical network layer systems are furtherconfigured to provide differential charging. In some embodiments, thelogical network layer systems are further configured to provide gatingcontrol.

In some embodiments, the logical network layer systems are furtherconfigured to trigger a notification to notify a subscriber that anaction is to be taken. In some embodiments, the trigger is an onlinetrigger. In some embodiments, the trigger is an offline trigger.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, anintelligent security gateway for interfacing with a policy realizationframework of a communications network includes a processor, acommunications network interface, and a memory in communication with theprocessor and the communications network interface. The memory can beconfigured to store instructions, executable by the processor toidentify a security threat, wherein the security threat includes networktraffic that poses a threat to the integrity of one or more nodes of thecommunications network, determine an enforcement point for neutralizingthe security threat, wherein neutralizing the security threat includespreventing the security threat from affecting the integrity of the oneor more nodes of the communications network, and update a securitythreat registry with data that identifies the security threat to enablefuture recognition of a substantially similar security threat by theintelligent security gateway.

In some embodiments, the instructions further include instructionsexecutable by the processor to enforce a security policy at theintelligent security gateway. The intelligent security gateway canenforce the security policy by preventing the network traffic fromaccessing the communications network.

In some embodiments, the instructions further include instructionsexecutable by the processor to send a notification of the securitythreat to an enforcement point of the communications network. Thenotification sent to the enforcement point can identify the securitythreat. In some embodiments, the enforcement point is a policy chargingand rules function (PCRF) of the communications network.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method foroperating an intelligent security gateway and updating a security threatregistry of a communications network includes identifying a securitythreat, wherein the security threat includes network traffic that posesa threat to the integrity of one or more nodes of the communicationsnetwork, determining an enforcement point for neutralizing the securitythreat, wherein neutralizing the security threat includes preventing thesecurity threat from affecting the integrity of the one or more nodes ofthe communications network, and updating a security threat registry withdata that identifies the security threat to enable future recognition ofa substantially similar security threat by the intelligent securitygateway.

In some embodiments, the method further includes enforcing a securitypolicy at the intelligent security gateway. The intelligent securitygateway can enforce the security policy by preventing the networktraffic from accessing the communications network.

In some embodiments, the method further includes sending a notificationof the security threat to an enforcement point of the communicationsnetwork, wherein the notification identifies the security threat. Theenforcement point of the communications network can include a policycharging and rules function (PCRF) of the communications network.

According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a computerreadable medium including computer readable instructions that, whenexecuted, perform the steps of identifying a security threat, whereinthe security threat includes network traffic that poses a threat to theintegrity of one or more nodes of the communications network,determining an enforcement point for neutralizing the security threat,wherein neutralizing the security threat includes preventing thesecurity threat from affecting the integrity of the one or more nodes ofthe communications network, and updating a security threat registry withdata that identifies the security threat to enable future recognition ofa substantially similar security threat by the intelligent securitygateway.

In some embodiments, the computer readable medium further includescomputer readable instructions that, when executed, perform the step ofidentifying, at an intelligent security gateway, the security threat.

In some embodiments, the computer readable medium further includescomputer readable instructions that, when executed, perform the step ofenforcing a security policy at the intelligent security gateway, whereinthe intelligent security gateway enforces the security policy bypreventing the network traffic from accessing the communicationsnetwork.

In some embodiments, the computer readable medium further includescomputer readable instructions that, when executed, perform the step ofsending a notification of the security threat to an enforcement point ofthe communications network, wherein the notification identifies thesecurity threat. The enforcement point can be a policy charging andrules function (PCRF) of the communications network.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a policy realization framework,according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a policy intelligence rules system,according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a policy configuration and provisioningsystem, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a master policy repository, accordingto an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 schematically illustrates an enhanced subscription profilerepository, according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a method for operating a master policyrepository, according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a method for operating a policyintelligence rules system, according to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 8 schematically illustrates a method for operating a policyconfiguration and provisioning system, according to an exemplaryembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a method for operating an enhancedsubscription profile repository, according to an exemplary embodiment ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 10 schematically illustrates a network and application policy andsecurity gateway, according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 11 schematically illustrates a method for operating a network andapplication policy and security gateway, according to an exemplaryembodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As required, detailed embodiments of the present disclosure aredisclosed herein. It must be understood that the disclosed embodimentsare merely exemplary examples of the disclosure that may be embodied invarious and alternative forms, and combinations thereof. As used herein,the word “exemplary” is used expansively to refer to embodiments thatserve as an illustration, specimen, model or pattern. The figures arenot necessarily to scale and some features may be exaggerated orminimized to show details of particular components. In other instances,well-known components, systems, materials or methods have not beendescribed in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present disclosure.Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed hereinare not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for theclaims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the artto variously employ the present disclosure.

Referring now to the drawings in which like numerals represent likeelements throughout the several views, FIG. 1 schematically illustratesa policy realization framework 100. The illustrated policy realizationframework 100 is divided into two logical layers, a policy layer and anetwork layer.

In one embodiment, the policy layer includes application and servicepolicy management systems and network policy management systems. Thepolicy layer can store, organize, determine, and apply policy rules toservices requested by subscribers or other entities, as will beexplained in more detail below. The policy layer can provide commonpolicy rules across services and applications, and policy rulemanagement. The policy layer can dynamically determine rules based uponoperator policies, network policies, subscriber specific policies,subscription specific policies, subscriber profile data, subscriptionprofile data, and/or subscriber preferences, for example. The policylayer can also generate instructions or commands for driving elements inthe network layer to grant, restrict, and/or deny requested services.Rules can be determined online, i.e., during a service or applicationsession, and in real-time or near real-time. Additionally oralternatively, the policy rules can be determined offline, i.e., notduring a service or application session.

The systems, functions, servers, and repositories illustrated in thepolicy layer are configured to support aspects of the present disclosurethat are related to centralizing and reconciling common rules for dataservices, policy rule creation, policy lifecycle management, dynamicin-call (online) data flow rules invocation, offline policy and rulessharing across roaming partner networks, policy-enabled convergedservices and applications, and configuration and provisioning of policyrules to network entities in the network layer.

The systems, functions, enforcement points, and networks illustrated inthe network layer are configured to support aspects of the presentdisclosure that are related to rules decision aspects, rules enforcementaspects, differential charging, gating control, and trigger notification(online or offline) to notify a subscriber that an action is to betaken. Elements of the policy layer and network layers are describedimmediately below starting with elements of the policy layer.

The illustrated policy layer includes a master policy repository (MPR)102. The MPR 102 receives, retrieves, accesses, organizes, and/ormanages operator policies 104 and global subscriber policies 106.

Operator policies 104 can include native operator policies and/or sharedoperator policies, such as, but not limited to, gating control policies,data throttling policies, packet inspection policies, security policies,privacy policies, emergency policies, charging policies,application-specific policies, global application policies,service-specific policies, global service policies, content providerpolicies, legacy policies, and the like. Operator policies 104 can bedefined and approved by operator personnel, such as, for example,operator stakeholders, engineers, technicians, business users, and thelike.

Operator policies can include, for example, gating control by a policyand charging rules function (PCRF) 108, a policy and chargingenforcement point (PCEF) 110, a wireless application protocol (WAP)gateway (not shown), deep packet inspection (DPI) points (not shown),and/or other enforcement points that require service rules to helpensure consistent policy enforcement packet data protocol (PDP) context.

Charging policies can include, for example, online and offline chargingpolicies implemented by the PCRF 108, the PCEF 110, an online chargingsystem (OCS) 112, and/or an offline charging system (OFCS) 114. Acharging identification can be provided to the MPR 102 by policyapproval personnel or a network entity to notify the PCRF 108, PCEF 110,OCS 112, and/or OFCS 114 that a policy is strictly for offline chargingor online charging.

Other operator policies 104 can include, for example, policies used bythe PCRF 108 and PCEF 110 for policy decision making and enforcement,dynamic policy invocation by application functions (AF's) 116, andconverged service policies.

Global subscriber policies 106 can include, but are not limited to,policies that are global to all subscribers and applied to one or moreapplications or services that are accessible to the operator'ssubscriber base. Global subscriber policies 106 can be defined for eachservice or application. By way of example and not limitation, a globalsubscriber policy 106 can be a service aware roaming control policy thatcan prevent a subscriber from accessing operator-defined services orapplications while roaming. Local roaming control at the MPR 102 canhelp eliminate the need for disparate service aware roaming controlmechanisms performed at the content provider/application function level116. Accordingly, the operator can be more aware of the policies beingenforced upon the operator's subscriber base than the operator would berelying solely upon a third party.

The MPR 102 can also be configured with a policy lifecycle managementenvironment 118. Policies can be created, approved, and updated offline.The policy lifecycle management environment 118 can provide businessusers and management users accessibility to create policies and routepolicies for approval by stakeholders, engineers, and other approvalpersonnel, for example. The lifecycle management environment 118 caninclude translation functions whereby policies can be translated into aformat recognized by the destination network entity. A policy lifetimecan be specified by the operator, and/or obsolete policies can berecognized by the MPR 102. Obsolescence recognition can be based upon,for example, whether the application or service associated with thepolicy is functioning or accessible by subscribers.

The MPR 102 can be fed by other policy repositories, such as a dedicatedoperator policy repository (not shown) and/or enterprise policyrepository (not shown). Early implementations of the present disclosurecan, for example, utilize a separate repository for storing operatorpolicies that can be later integrated at least partially into the MPR102. In the illustrated embodiment, the MPR 102 is fed by an enhancedsubscription profile repository (ESPR) 120 that can be configured tostore subscriber profile data 122 and subscription profile data 124. Inan alternative embodiment, at least a portion of the data stored in theESPR 120 can be stored locally in the MPR 102. The ESPR 120 can be atleast partially migrated to the MPR 102. Accordingly, the MPR 102 wouldbe expanded to facilitate local storage of the ESPR 120 data. Theillustrated ESPR 120 is described in greater detail below.

The ESPR 120 can be configured as a read-only repository for storage ofsubscriber profile data 122 and subscription profile data 124.Subscriber profile data 122 can include subscriber specific data relatedto service entitlement, service prohibition, and other subscriberprofile data for policy rule generation and service enforcement. Thesubscriber profile data 122 can include policy-related data, such asrate plan, rate plan categories, service entitlement for rate plan orrate plan categories, pre-emption priorities for differential chargingor treatment types, and service related roaming entitlement. Subscriberprofile data 122 can also include payment type so that internet protocol(IP) flow can be routed to the appropriate charging system 112, 114 forprepaid or postpaid payment types. Other payment types using operator orsubscriber-defined use limits can be indicated in the subscriber profiledata 122. Payment type information can be used to determine if IP flowand PDP context should be quota requested. The subscriber profile data122 can also include class of service (CoS) entitlement for messaging,such as short message service (SMS) and multimedia message service (MMS)messaging, as well as other network services. A CoS can includeoriginating CoS and terminating CoS.

The ESPR 120 can retrieve and permanently or temporarily store data fromother sources (not shown), such as, a master subscription database, alocation register, or other subscriber or subscription data source. TheESPR 120 can communicate with the MPR 102 and other data sources (notshown) using low latency links for latency sensitive operations. Itshould be understood that some or all of the subscriber profile data 122stored in the ESPR 120 can be similar or can overlap with like datastored in the MPR 102.

The subscription profile data 124 can include all available serviceplans offered by an operator as defined, maintained, and updated, forexample, by operator service offer management personnel. Service planscan include various categories, such as data rate plans for stand-aloneor integrated network cards for use in computer systems (e.g., laptopcomputers), data rate plans with voice plan add-ons, data rate planscombined with voice plans, international voice plans, international dataplans, pooled plans, government plans, WiFi add-on plans,device-specific plans, push email plans, business plans, media bundles,global positioning system (GPS) plans, any combination thereof, and thelike. Each service plan can have normal operation and roamingentitlements for domestic and international plans. Roaming entitlementsenable the operator to provide flat rate service plans for internationalroaming as defined by thresholds, country, and roaming operator.Subscriber profile data 122 can also include subscriber-specificpolicies. As described above, global subscriber policies 106 can bestored in the MPR 102. It should be understood that some or all of thesubscription profile data 124 stored in the ESPR 120 can be similar orcan overlap with like data stored in the MPR 102.

The MPR 102 can send policies to a policy intelligence rules system(PIRS) 126. The PIRS 126 can be configured to request operator policies104 and global subscriber policies 106 from the MPR 102, and subscriberprofile data 122 and subscription profile data 124 from the ESPR 120.The PIRS 126 can identify policy conflicts, resolve conflicts, anddetermine applicable rules to be sent to a policy configuration andprovisioning server (PCPS) 128 for configuration and provisioning to thenetwork layer for rule decision and enforcement operations. The PIRS 126is described in greater detail below.

The PCPS 128 is a policy layer entity configured to receive rulescreated by the PIRS 126 and provide the rules to policy elements in thenetwork layer, such as, the PCRF 108 and OCS 112. The PCPS 128 isillustrated as being in communication with one PCRF 108, although thisis not necessarily the case and multiple PCRF's 108 and PCEF's 110 arecontemplated. By way of example and not limitation, the PCPS 128 canidentify rules as common to the PCRF 108 and PCEF 110, rules for thePCRF 108 only, rules for the PCEF 110 only, and rules for the OCS 112.In addition, the PCPS 128 can be configured to accept rules and policiesfrom another policy management platform and prepare the rules forstorage in the MPR 102.

The PCRF 108 is a decision point function in the network layer forcontrol, altering of Quality of Service (QoS), where applicable, andproviding dynamic or personalized charging rules at a subscriber level.The dynamic charging rules can be based on operator-defined dimensionssuch as, for example, roaming control, usage threshold, and based uponthe subscriber entitlements, subscriber prohibitions, and/or subscriberand subscription profile data 122, 124.

The PCRF 108 can also trigger messages and/or notifications tosubscribers for events such as, for example, differential charges, or ifthe PCRF 108 is triggered to treat the subscriber differently than thesubscriber's expected treatment. For example, the PCRF 108 can note thatan enhanced charge rate, dropped IP flow, and/or QoS change will beinvoked for a service or application. Upon such as determination, thePCRF 108 can trigger a notification to a subscriber relating to thechange. Alternatively, if the PCRF 108 cannot recognize the change, thePCEF 110 or OCS 112 can trigger the notification.

The PCEF 110 is an enforcement point function that can reside in aGeneral Radio Packet Service (GPRS) gateway function 130, such as agateway GPRS support node (GGSN). The PCEF 110 can enforce subscriberlevel control and charging policies for PDP contexts and IP flow, forexample. The PCEF 110 can be invoked by the rules passed to the PCEF 110by the PCRF 108. Additionally, or alternatively, the PCEF 110 can beinvoked by a charging event trigger. The PCEF 110 can respond tocharging event triggers by triggering the OCS 112 to take actionsincluding, for example, providing an “advice of charge,” or trackingusage.

The AF's 116 can include any application or service accessible bynetwork subscribers. By way of example and not limitations, AF's 116 canprovide location-based services, presence-based services, musicservices, video services, mobile television services, and the like. Theillustrated AF's 116 include IMS application functions accessible viathe Internet Protocol Multimedia System (IMS) network 136, legacyapplication functions for legacy networks, other application functions,and content providers.

The IMS network 136 can enable the support for IP multimediaapplications within a UMTS wireless communications network. EnablingPublic Land Mobile Network (PLMN) operators to offer their subscribersmultimedia services based on and built upon Internet applications,services and protocols. These protocols include session initiationprotocol (SIP), which is used to manage the IP multimedia sessions.

The gateway 130 function can allow for communication with a network 132.The network 132 can provide one or more devices 134 access to servicesand applications provided by the AF's 116 via wireless accesstechnologies. The access device(s) 134 can include, but is not limitedto, handheld devices such as an information appliance, a smartphone, apersonal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a personalcommunicator, and a handheld game console; other mobile devices such aslaptop computers; stationary devices such as desktop computers, servers,and the like; and various other telephony devices.

The wireless access technologies can include, but are not limited to,GSM (Global System for Mobile communications), CDMA (Code DivisionMultiple Access), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System)network, and provide data communications via EDGE (Enhanced Data ratefor Global Evolution), the HSPA (High-Speed Packet Access) protocolfamily, such as, HSDPA (High-Speed Downlink Packet Access), EUL(Enhanced Uplink) or otherwise termed HSUPA (High-Speed Uplink PacketAccess), and HSPA+ (Evolved HSPA), for example. The network 132 is alsocompatible with future wireless technologies including, but not limitedto, pre-4G and 4G standards, for example. Other wireless accesstechnologies are contemplated. The network can include, for example,core network elements for circuit switched and packet switchedcommunications and access networks for supporting the aforementionedwireless access technologies.

The aforementioned description of the policy realization framework 100has provided an overview of the policy layer elements and network layerelements according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.The policy layer elements are described in more detail below withreference to FIGS. 2-9. The policy realization framework 100 can alsoinclude an intelligent security gateway 138 (ISGW). The ISGW 138 isdescribed below with reference to FIGS. 10-11.

Referring now to FIG. 2, the policy intelligence rules system (PIRS) 126is illustrated, according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The illustrated PIRS 126 includes a processor 200 that canbe in communication with a memory 202, and an input/output (I/O)interface 204 via a bus (not shown). The processor 200 can be a singleor multiple processor system implemented on a single processor chip ormultiple processor chips for controlling, and/or processing instructionsand/or data stored in the memory 202.

The memory 202 can interface with the processor 200 for the storage ofdata and/or instructions, such as policy reconciliation instructions 206and rules determination instructions 208. The memory 202 can include avariety of computer readable media, including volatile media,non-volatile media, removable media, and non-removable media.Computer-readable media can include device storage media andcommunication media. Storage media can include volatile and/ornon-volatile, removable and/or non-removable media, such as, forexample, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CDROM, DVD, or other optical disk storage, magnetic tape, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium. The I/Ointerface 204 can be provided for input/output of policies, rules,subscriber data, and subscription data to and from the MPR 102, the ESPR120 and the PCPS 128, for example.

The PIRS 126 can request policies from the MPR 102 or receive policiespushed by the MPR 102 and execute, via the processor 200, the policyreconciliation instructions 206. The policy reconciliation instructions206 can instruct the processor 200 to search for potential policyconflicts, identify conflicts, resolve conflicts, determine rules basedupon the policies, and pass the rules to the PCPS 128 for configurationand provisioning to the network layer policy decision and enforcementelements. An exemplary method for operating the PIRS 126 is illustratedin FIG. 7 and described in detail below.

Referring now to FIG. 3, the policy configuration and provisioningsystem (PCPS) 128 is illustrated, according to an exemplary embodimentof the present disclosure. The illustrated PCPS 128 includes a processor300 that can be in communication with a memory 302, and an input/output(I/O) interface 304 via a bus (not shown). The processor 300 can be asingle or multiple processor system implemented on a single processorchip or multiple processor chips for controlling, and/or processinginstructions and/or data stored in the memory 302.

The memory 302 can interface with the processor 300 for the storage ofdata and/or instructions, such as policy configuration instructions 306and policy provisioning instructions 308. The memory 302 can include avariety of computer readable media, including volatile media,non-volatile media, removable media, and non-removable media.Computer-readable media can include device storage media andcommunication media. Storage media can include volatile and/ornon-volatile, removable and/or non-removable media, such as, forexample, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CDROM, DVD, or other optical disk storage, magnetic tape, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium. The I/Ointerface 304 can receive rules from the PIRS 126 and send instructionsto the PCRF 108, PCEF 110, and OCS 112 in the network layer for policyrule charging decisions, charging, and enforcement, for example.

The PCPS 128 can receive rules from the PIRS 126, generate instructionsfor the PCRF 108, other elements in the network layer, and/orapplication servers, and send the instructions to the appropriate policyelement. An exemplary method for operating the PIRS 126 is illustratedin FIG. 8 and described in detail below.

Referring now to FIG. 4, the master policy repository (MPR) 102 isillustrated, according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The illustrated MPR 102 includes a processor 400 that can bein communication with a memory 402, and an input/output (I/O) interface404 via a bus (not shown). The processor 400 can be a single or multipleprocessor system implemented on a single processor chip or multipleprocessor chips for controlling, and/or processing instructions and/ordata stored in the memory 402.

The memory 402 can interface with the processor 400 for the storage ofdata, policies, and/or instructions, such as policy lifecycle managementinstructions 118, operator policies 104, and global subscriber policies106. The memory 402 can include a variety of computer readable media,including volatile media, non-volatile media, removable media, andnon-removable media. Computer-readable media can include device storagemedia and communication media. Storage media can include volatile and/ornon-volatile, removable and/or non-removable media, such as, forexample, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CDROM, DVD, or other optical disk storage, magnetic tape, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium. The I/Ointerface 404 can be provided to receive policies from the AF's 116, andsubscriber profile data 122 and subscription profile data 124 from theESPR 120, and send policies to the PIRS 126 for rules creation, forexample. An exemplary method for operating the MPR 102 is illustrated inFIG. 6 and described in detail below.

Referring now to FIG. 5, the enhanced subscription profile repository(ESPR) 120 is illustrated, according to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent disclosure. The illustrated ESPR 120 includes a processor 500that can be in communication with a memory 502, and an input/output(I/O) interface 504 via a bus (not shown). The processor 500 can be asingle or multiple processor system implemented on a single processorchip or multiple processor chips for controlling, and/or processinginstructions and/or data stored in the memory 502.

The memory 502 can interface with the processor 500 for the storage ofdata and/or instructions, such as policy reconciliation instructions 206and rules determination instructions 208. The memory 502 can include avariety of computer readable media, including volatile media,non-volatile media, removable media, and non-removable media.Computer-readable media can include device storage media andcommunication media. Storage media can include volatile and/ornon-volatile, removable and/or non-removable media, such as, forexample, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CDROM, DVD, or other optical disk storage, magnetic tape, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium. The I/Ointerface 504 can be to retrieve data from other subscriber informationdatabases, such as location registers and the like, and send subscriberprofile data 122 and subscription profile data 124 to the MPR 102, forexample.

FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a method 600 for operating a masterpolicy repository, according to an exemplary embodiment of the presentdisclosure. It should be understood that the steps of the method 600 arenot necessarily presented in any particular order and that performanceof some or all the steps in an alternative order(s) is possible and iscontemplated. The steps have been presented in the demonstrated orderfor ease of description and illustration. Steps can be added, omittedand/or performed simultaneously without departing from the scope of theappended claims. It should also be understood that the illustratedmethod 600 can be ended at any time. Some or all steps of this process,and/or substantially equivalent steps, can be performed by execution ofcomputer-readable instructions included on a computer readable medium.

The method 600 begins and flow proceeds to block 602, wherein the MPR102 receives policies. As explained above, and in more detail below,policies can be determined, requested, and/or reconciled during theprovisioning of a service or application or not during provisioning of aservice or application. The MPR 102 can receive the policies from, forexample, one or more AF's 116, the ESPR 120, and/or a network operator.The policies can be received by the MPR 102 in response to a request forpolicies made by the MPR 102, in response to a request for policies orrules from another network element, and/or without a request. Thepolicies received at the MPR 102 can be application specific, subscriberspecific, network specific, and/or a global policy.

As illustrated at block 604, the policies stored at the MPR 102 can beupdated at any time. For example, when a new AF 116 is registered withthe network, the AF 116 can push policies to the MPR 102. The newpolicies can be stored by the MPR 102 as new policies, the new policiescan be used to update existing policies, and/or the new policies can beused to supplement, replace, and/or render obsolete, and thereby triggerthe deletion of, existing policies. Additionally, or alternatively, theMPR 102 can query AF's 116 for policies and update the policies uponrecognizing new or changed policies. Similarly, the MPR 102 can receiveor retrieve policy updates from network operators and from the ESPR 120.As explained above with respect to the AF 116, the MPR 102 can recognizepolicies as superfluous, obsolete, or otherwise unnecessary, at whichtime the MPR 102 can delete or update the policies. The policies storedat the MPR 102 can be updated by network personnel, by the MPR 102, byan application executed by other network elements, and/or by othersystems of the network.

As illustrated at block 606, the MPR 102 can categorize and store thereceived policies. For example, the MPR 102 can organize policies asoperator policies 104, global subscriber policies 106, subscriberprofile data 122 and/or subscription profile data 124, store thepolicies as relating to particular services, applications, resources,users, networks, network elements, classes of service, and the like. Insome embodiments, the MPR 102 stores the subscriber specific policies122, 124, and in some embodiments, the ESPR 120 stores the subscriberspecific policies 122, 124. Regardless of where the subscriber specificpolicies 122, 124 are stored, the MPR 102 can access, analyze, and/orstore the subscriber specific policies 122, 124 and correlate thesubscriber specific policies 122, 124, or a reference thereto, withother policies. As explained above, the MPR 102 can store policies,correlation data, policy analysis applications, and the like, in localor external memory devices.

As illustrated at block 608, the MPR 102 can receive a policy request.The MPR 102 can receive the policy request from a network element, forexample, the PIRS 126. The PIRS 126 can request policy information onoccurrence of a policy trigger event. A policy trigger event caninclude, for example, a subscriber request for a network resource suchas a service, application, a QoS, or the like. While the PIRS 126 maynot know of the policy trigger event, other network elements cancommunicate the policy request to the PIRS 126 upon occurrence of thetrigger event. For example, a PCRF 108 may request instructions forgranting, restricting, and/or denying a PDP context request made by asubscriber. The PCRF 108 can communicate the policy request to the PIRS126, and the PIRS 126 can access policies stored and/or accessible bythe MPR 102 to determine how to handle the resource request. Theanalysis of the policies by the PIRS 126 to generate instructions forthe network elements will be discussed in more detail below withreference to FIG. 8.

As illustrated at block 610, the MPR 102 can send policies to a networkelement, for example, the PIRS 126 or another element that analyzespolicies to determine network instructions. To send the policies, theMPR 102 can search the categorized policies to identify any policiespertinent to the PIRS 126 request. For example, if the PIRS 126 requestspolicies pertaining to location based services, the MPR 102 can searchaccessible policies for any policies pertaining to location basedservices. The policies can be stored at the MPR 102 such that any policyrelated to location based services, for example, policies relating tothe determination of subscriber location, can be included in thefulfillment of the policy request. Additionally, the MPR 102 canretrieve relevant policies from the ESPR 120, if desired, as explainedabove. The PIRS 126 can receive the policies and determine a rule forthe network to use in addressing the subscriber's request. During rulecreation, the PIRS 126 can determine that a policy is obsolete,outdated, or otherwise in need of updating. The PIRS 126 can notify theMPR 102 that an update is needed, and, as shown at block 612, the MPR102 can receive notification that a policy update is appropriate. TheMPR 102 can update, organize, and store the policy or policies, as shownat blocks 614-616, and the method 600 can end. Returning briefly toblock 612, if the MPR 102 does not receive a notification that a policyupdate is appropriate, the method 600 can end.

FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a method 700 for operating a policyintelligence rules system, according to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent disclosure. It should be understood that the steps of the method700 are not necessarily presented in any particular order and thatperformance of some or all the steps in an alternative order(s) ispossible and is contemplated. The steps have been presented in thedemonstrated order for ease of description and illustration. Steps canbe added, omitted and/or performed simultaneously without departing fromthe scope of the appended claims. It should also be understood that theillustrated method 700 can be ended at any time. Some or all steps ofthis process, and/or substantially equivalent steps, can be performed byexecution of computer-readable instructions included on a computerreadable medium.

The method 700 begins, and flow proceeds to block 702, wherein a PIRS126 retrieves and/or receives policies. As explained above, the PIRS 126can receive operator policies 104, global subscriber policies 106,subscriber profile data 122 and/or subscription profile data 124 fromthe MPR 102, the ESPR 120, and/or other network elements. In someembodiments, the MPR 102 stores and/or retrieves all policies, and thePIRS 126 receives the policies from the MPR 102. As explained above, thesending of policies to the PIRS 126 can be triggered by occurrence of anevent, for example, the request of a network resource by a subscriber.

As illustrated at block 704, the PIRS 126 can analyze the policies tosearch for policy conflicts. Several types of policy conflicts can existin the received policies. For example, an operator policy 104 can createa conflict with a global subscriber policy 106 and/or a subscriberpolicy 122, 124. Additionally, or alternatively, a global subscriberpolicy 106 can create a conflict with a subscriber policy 122, 124and/or an operator policy 104. Additionally, or alternatively, asubscriber policy 122, 124 can conflict with an operator policy 104and/or a global subscriber policy 106. Other policy conflicts arepossible. At block 706, the PIRS 126 can determine if any policyconflicts exist in the policies. If the PIRS 126 determines that one ormore policy conflicts exist, the PIRS 126 can identify the conflicts, asshown at block 708. Identification of a policy conflict can include, forexample, creating data that identifies the policies involved in thepolicy conflict, tagging the conflicting policies, determining toperform more operations on the policies, and the like.

As illustrated at block 710, the PIRS 126 can resolve any identifiedpolicy conflicts. A network operator can specify policy conflictresolution rules and/or the conflicts can be resolved by a policyresolution application including, but not limited to, policyreconciliation instructions 206. For example, the PIRS 126 can beconfigured to resolve conflicts with operator policies 104 by giving theoperator policies 104 precedence. For example, if a network operatordetermines that certain services should be denied on the basis ofprivacy, safety, and/or liability concerns, then the network operatorcan specify an operator policy 104 to deny such services. As such, thePIRS 126 can be configured to address any requests for servicesaddressed by the operator policy 104 by giving the operator policy 104precedence in policy conflict resolution, thereby determining to denythe service, even if a subscriber policy 122, 124 allows such services.

Similarly, the PIRS 126 can be configured to give subscriber policies122, 124 precedence over operator policies 104 and/or global subscriberpolicies 106. For example, an operator policy 104 and/or a globalsubscriber policy 106 may grant access to a particular resource, while asubscriber policy 122, 124 denies the subscriber access to the sameresource that the operator policy 104 and/or the global subscriberpolicy 106 allow. In such a case, the PIRS 126 can be configured torespect the subscriber's policy over the global subscriber policies 106and/or operator policies 104 by denying the resource to which allsubscribers have access. By way of example, a subscriber can decide todisable SMS for an account. One or more subscriber policies 122, 124 canbe generated to reflect the subscriber's choice. The network operatorcan determine that it wants to grant SMS resources by default tosubscribers who request SMS resources. To implement this policy, thenetwork operator can create operator policies 104 and/or globalsubscriber policies 106 that grant SMS resources by default. When thePIRS 126 receives these conflicting policies, the PIRS 126 can resolvethe conflict by giving the subscriber's policies 122, 124 precedenceover the operator policies 104 and/or the global subscriber policies106. As such, though an SMS resource may be granted by default to allsubscribers, this particular subscriber can be denied the SMS resourceto enforce the subscriber's policies 122, 124. Other conflict scenariosand resolution methods are possible and contemplated.

At block 712, the PIRS 126 determines rules based upon the policies. ThePIRS 126 can analyze the policies to determine how the network shouldhandle the request for resources. Determination of the rules can includereconciliation of the policies, to determine which policies should begiven precedence, and/or additional operations to determine how thenetwork or application or service should be instructed to implementand/or enforce the determined policy. It should be appreciated thatrules can be created by an application, for example, the rulesdetermination instructions 208.

Even if no reconciliation of policies was performed, the PIRS 126 candetermine a rule that reflects the course of action needed to grant,restrict, and/or deny the requested resource. As such, the determinedrules can reflect a course of action determined by reconciling variouspolicies or one or more policies that had no conflicts with otherpolicies. For example, if analysis of an operator policy 104 reflected anetwork operator's desire to grant a network resource, and analysis ofsubscriber policies 122, 124 also resulted in granting of a networkresource, the PIRS 126 can generate a rule that reflects the desiredcourse of action, i.e., to grant the requested network resource to thesubscriber. In other words, the generated rules can describe thedetermined course of action that the network should take in response tothe resource request. The rule can be passed to other network elements,as illustrated at block 714. One network element that can receive thedetermined rules is the PCPS 128, as will be described in more detailbelow with reference to FIG. 8.

Returning briefly to block 706, if the PIRS 126 determines that nopolicy conflicts exist, the PIRS 126 can proceed to block 712, whereinthe PIRS 126 can determine the rule based upon the received policies, asexplained above. The determined rule can be passed to a network element,as illustrated at block 714. The method 700 can end.

FIG. 8 schematically illustrates a method 800 for operating a policyconfiguration and provisioning system, according to an exemplaryembodiment of the present disclosure. It should be understood that thesteps of the method 800 are not necessarily presented in any particularorder and that performance of some or all the steps in an alternativeorder(s) is possible and is contemplated. The steps have been presentedin the demonstrated order for ease of description and illustration.Steps can be added, omitted and/or performed simultaneously withoutdeparting from the scope of the appended claims. It should also beunderstood that the illustrated method 800 can be ended at any time.Some or all steps of this process, and/or substantially equivalentsteps, can be performed by execution of computer-readable instructionsincluded on a computer readable medium.

The method 800 begins, and flow proceeds to block 802, wherein the PCPS128 receives one or more rules from a network element. As explainedabove, the one or more rules can be created and transferred by the PIRS126.

As shown at block 804, the PCPS 128 can analyze the received rules anddetermine how to instruct one or more elements of the network layer toimplement the determined rules. For example, if the PCPS 128 determinedthat a network resource should be denied, the generated rule received bythe PCPS 128 can reflect this determination. The PCPS 128 can analyzethe rule to determine what network elements should be instructed toimplement the determined rules, i.e., to enforce the policies asreflected by the determined rules. In some embodiments, the instructionsdo not designate a network element, but reflect a command for granting,restricting, and/or denying a resource.

As shown at block 806, the PCPS 128 can pass the determined rules to theone or more network elements for implementation. In some embodiments,the default recipient of instructions from the PCPS 128 is the PCRF 108.The PCRF 108 can analyze received instructions and determine whatnetwork elements should be instructed to implement the receivedinstructions. It should be understood that the PCPS 128 can process thepolicy provisioning instructions 308 to perform some or all of the stepsof blocks 802-806. The method 800 can end.

FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a method 900 for operating an enhancedsubscriber policy repository, according to an exemplary embodiment ofthe present disclosure. It should be understood that the steps of themethod 900 are not necessarily presented in any particular order andthat performance of some or all the steps in an alternative order(s) ispossible and is contemplated. The steps have been presented in thedemonstrated order for ease of description and illustration. Steps canbe added, omitted and/or performed simultaneously without departing fromthe scope of the appended claims. It should also be understood that theillustrated method 900 can be ended at any time. Some or all steps ofthis process, and/or substantially equivalent steps, can be performed byexecution of computer-readable instructions included on a computerreadable medium.

The method 900 begins, and flow proceeds to block 902, wherein the ESPR120 receives data relating to subscriber policies. The data can include,for example, subscriber profile data 122 and/or subscription profiledata 124. The subscriber profile data 122 and/or subscription profiledata 124 can include, but are not limited to, data that indicatessubscriber rate plan categories, subscribers' entitlements for rate planand/or rate plan categories, preemption priorities for differentialcharging and/or treatment types, service-related roaming entitlements,combinations thereof, and the like. The ESPR 120 can also storesubscribers' preferences relating to various services and/orapplications. For example, if a subscriber wishes to disable textmessaging for an account, a policy reflecting the subscriber's choicecan be created and stored as subscriber profile data 122 and/orsubscription profile data 124. The various features and resourceentitlements of various rate plans can be changed frequently by networkpersonnel. Additionally, a subscriber can change preferences frequently.As such, the data stored in the ESPR 120 can be updated at any time, asillustrated at block 904.

The ESPR 120 can categorize received data and store the data in astorage device associated with the ESPR 120, for example, the memory502. The ESPR 120 can categorize the received data as, for example,subscriber profile data 122 and/or subscription profile data 124. Forexample, subscriber preferences and settings can be stored as subscriberprofile data, and rate plans and entitlements can be stored assubscription profile data 124. As explained above, additional and/oralternative data categories are possible and are contemplated.

At some time, the ESPR 120 can receive a request for subscriber datafrom the MPR 102, as illustrated at block 908. As explained above, theMPR 102 can store subscriber data. As such, the ESPR 120 can receive thedata request from the MPR 102 during an online policy determination, orduring an offline policy determination process.

Although not illustrated, the ESPR 120 can determine relevant subscriberdata pertinent to a subscriber data request. For example, the MPR 102may request subscriber data relating to location based services toprovide location based service policies to the PCPS 128, or anothernetwork element. As such, the ESPR 120 can search the stored subscriberdata to find any policies and/or preferences related to location basedservices and/or peripheral services needed to provide location basedservices. As such, the memory 502, or another storage locationassociated with the ESPR 120, can store instructions for analyzingstored data to identify policies relevant to a received subscriber datarequest. Regardless of when the subscriber data request is made, theESPR 120 can fulfill the request by sending subscriber data to the MPR102, as illustrated at block 910. The MPR 102 can use, store, and/orforward the received subscriber data, as explained above.

As illustrated at block 912, the ESPR 120 can also receive subscriberdata requests from the PCRF 108. In particular, the PCRF 108 may send arequest for data indicating a subscriber account and/or a rate plan orrate plan category for operations relating to charging. As such, theESPR 120 can receive a request for stored subscriber profile data 122and/or subscription profile data 124. As explained above, the ESPR 120can include instructions that identify data relevant to a receivedrequest. Relevant data can be identified and sent to the PCRF 108, asillustrated at block 914. The method 900 can end.

FIG. 10 illustrates the intelligent security gateway 138 (ISGW),according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Theillustrated ISGW 138 includes a processor 1000 that can be incommunication with a memory 1002, and an input/output (I/O) interface1004 via a bus (not shown). The processor 1000 can be a single ormultiple processor system implemented on a single processor chip ormultiple processor chips for controlling, and/or processing instructionsand/or data stored in the memory 1002.

The memory 1002 can interface with the processor 1000 for the storage ofdata and/or instructions, such as threat recognition instructions 1006and security policy update instructions 1008. The memory 1002 caninclude a variety of computer readable media, including volatile media,non-volatile media, removable media, and non-removable media.Computer-readable media can include device storage media andcommunication media. Storage media can include volatile and/ornon-volatile, removable and/or non-removable media, such as, forexample, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CDROM, DVD, or other optical disk storage, magnetic tape, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium. The I/Ointerface 1004 can be provided to send and/or retrieve data from otherinformation databases, such as the MPR 102 and/or a security threatregister, and the like.

As will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 11, theISGW 138 can be used to monitor network traffic, recognize securitythreats, and to provide real-time or near-real-time updates of the ISGW138 and a policy gateway such as the PCRF 108. It should be appreciatedthat the ISGW 138 can update a security threat register that is storedin a policy repository, for example, the MPR 102, and the MPR 102 caninterface with other systems of the policy realization framework 100 toupdate a policy gateway such as the PCRF 108.

In other words, in some embodiments, the ISGW 138 sends informationrelating to security threats directly to a policy enforcement and/oraccess control enforcement point such as, for example, the PCRF 108. Insome embodiments, the ISGW 138 retrieves or receives security threatdata from a security threat register, for example, the MPR 102, and theISGW 138 enforces the security policy itself.

Certain network threats are not evident at the network layer or at anaccess point of the network layer. In fact, some malicious and/orabusive behavior is not recognized until the behavior occurs at theapplication level, at an element within the network layer, and/or atanother level deep within the network. As such, these threats may not berecognizable to a prior art security gateway or access point on thenetwork layer.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the ISGW 138 isconfigured to communicate with elements past the access point layer, forexample, the PCRF 108, the MPR 102, and the like. Since policies can beupdated at the MPR 102 by applications 116, and the like, the MPR 102can contain up-to-date information relating to security threatsrecognized past the network access point level. The MPR 102 cancommunicate information relating to the threats to the ISGW 138 so thatthe ISGW 138 can be more likely to intercept threatening behavior beforethe malicious user and/or application obtains access to the network.

Additionally, or alternatively, the ISGW 138 can be configured torecognize threats and communicate information relating to the threats tonetwork elements such as, for example, the PCRF 108, the MPR 102, andthe like. As such, other network elements can be given access toinformation relating to security threats identified by the ISGW 138. Ifa malicious user or application obtains access to the network bybypassing the ISGW 138 or by disguising itself as a bona fide user orapplication, the other network elements can recognize the threat and beconfigured to address the threat. When the network elements identifythreatening behavior within the network, the network elements cansimilarly update security threat information, and the ISGW 138 can usethe updated security threat information to restrict future access tomalicious users or applications that obtained access in the past. Assuch, it should be appreciated that the ISGW 138 can update informationused by network elements to enforce security policies, and that networkelements can update information used by the ISGW 138 to enforce securitypolicies.

It should be appreciated that the recognition of new threats by the ISGW138 can be achieved by execution of the threat recognition instructions1006 stored in a storage device associated with the ISGW 138, forexample, the memory 1002. Furthermore, it should be appreciated thatupdating of a security threat register can be achieved by execution ofsecurity policy update instructions 1008 stored in a storage deviceassociated with the ISGW 138, for example, the memory 1002.Additionally, although not illustrated in FIG. 10, the memory 1002, oranother storage device associated with the ISGW 138, can store aregister of recognized and/or known security threats, if desired.

FIG. 11 schematically illustrates a method 1100 for operating anintelligent security gateway 138 (ISGW), according to an exemplaryembodiment of the present disclosure. It should be understood that thesteps of the method 1100 are not necessarily presented in any particularorder and that performance of some or all the steps in an alternativeorder(s) is possible and is contemplated. The steps have been presentedin the demonstrated order for ease of description and illustration.Steps can be added, omitted and/or performed simultaneously withoutdeparting from the scope of the appended claims. It should also beunderstood that the illustrated method 1100 can be ended at any time.Some or all steps of this process, and/or substantially equivalentsteps, can be performed by execution of computer-readable instructionsincluded on a computer readable medium.

The method 1100 begins, and flow proceeds to block 1102, wherein theISGW 138 recognizes a security threat. A security threat can berecognized based upon the source of the attempted network access,wherein the source is recognized as a source of past malicious and/orabusive network access; recognition of malicious and/or abusive behaviorin the attempted network access; and/or other methods of threatrecognition. The ISGW 138 can monitor network traffic and can executethreat recognition instructions 1006 that make the ISGW 138 operable torecognize a security threat. The threat recognition instructions 1006can include heuristic analysis of the network traffic, recognition ofself-modifying code, sandbox analysis, matching users and/orapplications with malicious user and/or application databases,combinations thereof, and the like.

As illustrated at block 1104, the ISGW 138 can analyze the securitythreat to determine an enforcement point for a security policy thataddresses the recognized threat. Although not illustrated in FIG. 10,the ISGW 138 can include an enforcement point determination applicationthat determines the malicious intent and/or behavior, and identifies anetwork element that can neutralize the security threat. In someembodiments, the enforcement point will be the ISGW 138. In someembodiments, the enforcement point will be an access control enforcementpoint such as the PCRF 108, the PCEF 110, or another network node.

As illustrated at block 1106, the ISGW 138 can enforce a security policyand neutralize the security threat, or the ISGW 138 can send anotification to the appropriate enforcement point determined at block1104. The notification can include data indicating to the enforcementpoint, the user and/or application associated with the malicious and/orabusive behavior, and instructions to restrict or deny access to theuser and/or application.

As illustrated at block 1108, the ISGW 138 can update a security threatregistry. As explained above with reference to FIG. 10, the ISGW 138 caninclude an internal security threat registry that is stored in thememory 1002, or the ISGW 138 can store security threats in an externalstorage device. In some embodiments, the security threat registry isstored at the MPR 102, or another registry of the policy realizationframework 100. In some embodiments, the ISGW 138 maintains a local copyof the security threat registry, and synchronizes the security threatregistry with a security threat registry at the MPR 102 uponnotification of a new security threat, at designated intervals, uponreceipt of a command to synchronize from a network operator, or at othertimes. The method 1100 can end.

Some malicious users and/or applications are able to obtain access tothe network by emulating bona fide users and/or applications at theaccess point level of the network. As such, the ISGW 138 may notrecognize the security threat. A network element can recognize thethreat when the malicious and/or abusive user or application beginsexhibiting improper behavior within the network. As such, the networkcan recognize a security threat, as illustrated at block 1110. Thenetwork element can enforce a security policy and/or notify anenforcement point of the network (not illustrated).

As shown at block 1112, the network can update a security threatregistry. As explained above, the security threat registry can be storedat the MPR 102, or another element of the policy realization framework.Additionally, or alternatively, the security threat registry can existat another storage location on the network. In addition to updating thesecurity threat registry, the network can send a security threat updateto the ISGW 138 so the ISGW 138 can recognize a future attempted accessby the same or a similar security threat. As explained above, the updatecan include an indication of the source of the threat, the user whoinitiated the improper behavior, a behavior that accompanied theimproper behavior, or the like. As shown at block 1114, the ISGW 138 canreceive the update and update a local security threat registry and/orbegin recognition and/or enforcement of the new security threat.

When a future attempt to access the network is recognized as being thesame or a similar security threat, the ISGW 138 can implement the stepsof blocks 1102-1108 described above, and the method 1100 can end.

The law does not require and it is economically prohibitive toillustrate and teach every possible embodiment of the present claims.Hence, the above-described embodiments are merely exemplaryillustrations of implementations set forth for a clear understanding ofthe principles of the disclosure. Variations, modifications, andcombinations may be made to the above-described embodiments withoutdeparting from the scope of the claims. All such variations,modifications, and combinations are included herein by the scope of thisdisclosure and the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A policy intelligence rules system comprising: aprocessor; and a computer-readable storage device comprisinginstructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processorto perform operations comprising: receiving a policy request associatedwith a request for a network resource, sending, to a master policyrepository, the policy request, receiving, from the master policyrepository, a plurality of policies pertaining to the request for thenetwork resource of the policy request, wherein the plurality ofpolicies pertaining to the request for the network resource comprise atleast one operator policy provided by a network operator and at leastone subscriber specific policy provided by a subscriber associated withthe request for the network resource, analyzing the plurality ofpolicies to determine whether any policy conflicts exist between any ofthe plurality of policies, in response to determining that a policyconflict exists between a first policy of the plurality of policies anda second policy of the plurality of policies, determining that the firstpolicy has precedence over the second policy, wherein the first policycomprises the at least one subscriber specific policy and the secondpolicy comprises the at least one operator policy, resolving the policyconflict by giving precedence to the first policy over the secondpolicy, and generating, based on the first policy having precedence overthe second policy, a rule describing a course of action for acommunications network to take in response to the request for thenetwork resource of the policy request.
 2. The policy intelligence rulessystem of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise sending therule to a policy configuration and provisioning server of a policy layerof a policy realization framework of the communications network for usein instructing a policy and charging rules function of a network layerof the policy realization framework.
 3. The policy intelligence rulessystem of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise identifyingthe policy conflict, wherein identifying the policy conflict comprisescreating data identifying the first policy and the second policyinvolved in the policy conflict.
 4. The policy intelligence rules systemof claim 1, wherein the rule is selected from a group consisting of arestricted access rule that restricts access to the network resource, adeny access rule that denies access to the network resource, and anallow access rule that allows access to the network resource.
 5. Thepolicy intelligence rules system of claim 1, wherein the operationsfurther comprise identifying the policy conflict, wherein identifyingthe policy conflict comprises tagging, for conflict resolution, thefirst policy and the second policy identified in the policy conflict. 6.The policy intelligence rules system of claim 1, wherein the operationsfurther comprise identifying the policy conflict, wherein identifyingthe policy conflict comprises determining to perform an operation on atleast one of the first policy or the second policy identified as part ofthe policy conflict.
 7. The policy intelligence rules system of claim 1,wherein the master policy repository provides an intelligent securitygateway with information relating to security threats prior toapplications associated with the security threats accessing thecommunications network.
 8. The policy intelligence rules system of claim1, wherein the at least one operator policy comprises at least one of agating control policy provided by the network operator, a datathrottling policy provided by the network operator, a packet inspectionpolicy provided by the network operator, a security policy provided bythe network operator, a privacy policy provided by the network operator,an emergency policy provided by the network operator, or a chargingpolicy provided by the network operator, and wherein the at least onesubscriber specific policy comprises a service-specific policy providedby the subscriber.
 9. A computer-readable storage device storingcomputer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor of apolicy intelligence rules system, cause the processor to performoperations comprising: receiving a policy request associated with arequest for a network resource; sending, to a master policy repository,the policy request; receiving, from the master policy repository, aplurality of policies pertaining to the request for the network resourceof the policy request, wherein the plurality of policies pertaining tothe request for the network resource comprise at least one operatorpolicy provided by a network operator and at least one subscriberspecific policy provided by a subscriber associated with the request forthe network resource; analyzing the plurality of policies to determinewhether any policy conflicts exist between any of the plurality ofpolicies; in response to determining that a policy conflict existsbetween a first policy of the plurality of policies and a second policyof the plurality of policies, determining that the first policy hasprecedence over the second policy, wherein the first policy comprisesthe at least one subscriber specific policy and the second policycomprises the at least one operator policy; resolving the policyconflict by giving precedence to the first policy over the secondpolicy; and generating, based on the first policy having precedence overthe second policy, a rule describing a course of action for acommunications network to take in response to the request for thenetwork resource of the policy request.
 10. The computer-readablestorage device of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprisesending the rule to a policy configuration and provisioning server of apolicy layer of a policy realization framework of the communicationsnetwork for use in instructing a policy and charging rules function of anetwork layer of the policy realization framework.
 11. Thecomputer-readable storage device of claim 9, wherein the operationsfurther comprise identifying the policy conflict, wherein identifyingthe policy conflict comprises creating data identifying the first policyand the second policy involved in the policy conflict.
 12. Thecomputer-readable storage device of claim 9, wherein the rule isselected from a group consisting of a restricted access rule thatrestricts access to the network resource, a deny access rule that deniesaccess to the network resource, and an allow access rule that allowsaccess to the network resource.
 13. The computer-readable storage deviceof claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise identifying thepolicy conflict, wherein identifying the policy conflict comprisestagging, for conflict resolution, the first policy and the second policyidentified in the policy conflict.
 14. The computer-readable storagedevice of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise identifyingthe policy conflict, wherein identifying the policy conflict comprisesdetermining to perform an operation on at least one of the first policyor the second policy identified as part of the policy conflict.
 15. Thecomputer-readable storage device of claim 9, wherein the master policyrepository provides an intelligent security gateway with informationrelating to security threats prior to applications associated with thesecurity threats accessing the communications network.
 16. Thecomputer-readable storage device of claim 9, wherein the at least oneoperator policy comprises at least one of a gating control policyprovided by the network operator, a data throttling policy provided bythe network operator, a packet inspection policy provided by the networkoperator, a security policy provided by the network operator, a privacypolicy provided by the network operator, an emergency policy provided bythe network operator, or a charging policy provided by the networkoperator, and wherein the at least one subscriber specific policycomprises a service-specific policy provided by the subscriber.
 17. Amethod comprising: receiving, by a policy intelligence rules systemcomprising a processor, a policy request associated with a request for anetwork resource; sending, by the policy intelligence rules system, thepolicy request to a master policy repository; receiving, by the policyintelligence rules system, from the master policy repository, aplurality of policies pertaining to the request for the network resourceof the policy request, wherein the plurality of policies pertaining tothe request for the network resource comprise at least one operatorpolicy provided by a network operator and at least one subscriberspecific policy provided by a subscriber associated with the request forthe network resource; analyzing, by the policy intelligence rulessystem, the plurality of policies to determine whether any policyconflicts exist between any of the plurality of policies; in response todetermining that a policy conflict exists between a first policy of theplurality of policies and a second policy of the plurality of policies,determining, by the policy intelligence rules system, that the firstpolicy has precedence over the second policy, wherein the first policycomprises the at least one subscriber specific policy and the secondpolicy comprises the at least one operator policy; resolving, by thepolicy intelligence rules system, the policy conflict by givingprecedence to the first policy over the second policy; and generating,by the policy intelligence rules system, based on the first policyhaving precedence over the second policy, a rule describing a course ofaction for a communications network to take in response to the requestfor the network resource of the policy request.
 18. The method of claim17, further comprising sending the rule to a policy configuration andprovisioning server of a policy layer of a policy realization frameworkof the communications network for use in instructing a policy andcharging rules function of a network layer of the policy realizationframework.
 19. The method of claim 17, further comprising identifyingthe policy conflict, wherein identifying the policy conflict comprisescreating data identifying the first policy and the second policyinvolved in the policy conflict.
 20. The method of claim 17, wherein therule is selected from a group consisting of a restricted access rulethat restricts access to the network resource, a deny access rule thatdenies access to the network resource, and an allow access rule thatallows access to the network resource.